Lymphology Association of North America (LANA) Practice Exam

Which of the following best describes telangiectasia in an irradiated area?

1. Permanently-dilated lymph collectors

2. Dilation of the venous angle

3. Dilation of the thoracic duct

4. Permanently-dilated small blood vessels

The correct answer is: Permanently-dilated small blood vessels

Telangiectasia refers to the appearance of small, dilated blood vessels that are visible on the skin's surface, often viewed as red or purple lines or spider-like formations. In the context of an irradiated area, telangiectasia is specifically characterized by the permanent dilation of small blood vessels, particularly capillaries and venules. This condition is often seen as a consequence of radiation therapy, which can damage the vascular endothelium and lead to an abnormal response and dilation of these small vessels. The correct choice highlights the essential aspect that telangiectasia results from a structural change in the microvasculature, leading to the permanence of these dilated vessels, which can be indicative of radiation-induced changes. This understanding is crucial for recognizing the long-term effects of radiation therapy on healthy tissues surrounding the treatment area. Identifying and managing telangiectasia is important for patient care following radiation treatment, as it can impact both cosmetic outcomes and quality of life.