Lymphology Association of North America (LANA) Practice Exam

What term describes reduced lymphatic transport capacity with a normal lymphatic load?

1. Cardiac edema

2. High output failure

3. Low output failure

4. Nephrotic edema

The correct answer is: Low output failure

The term that describes reduced lymphatic transport capacity while maintaining a normal lymphatic load is "low output failure." In this context, "low output" refers to the lymphatic system's decreased ability to transport lymph fluid effectively, despite the presence of a normal amount of lymphatic fluid to be processed. This condition can arise from various factors, such as damage to lymphatic vessels or nodes, leading to an accumulation of lymph fluid and symptoms like swelling. This contrasts with conditions like cardiac edema, which relates to heart function and the ability to pump blood effectively. High output failure generally describes a situation where the heart is working harder than usual, often leading to different types of edema. Nephrotic edema is related to kidney dysfunction and typically involves issues with protein levels in the blood, which is a different pathophysiological process. Understanding "low output failure" helps professionals in lymphology assess and manage conditions that impact lymphatic drainage and contribute to lymphedema. Recognizing how the lymphatic system can be overwhelmed despite a normal load is crucial for proper treatment planning and patient care.